Machine for forming wire-drawing dies.



No. 796,726. PATB'NTED AUG. a, 1905.

J. A. HoRToN. MAGHINE PoR PORMING WIRE DRAWING DIES.

APPLIGATIOI FILED 00T. 28, 1904. K

' O 4BHEBTSSHET 1.

PATBNTBD AUG. 8,1905. J. A. HORTON. l

MACHINE'OR PORMING WIRE DRAWING DIES.

Arruouxon FILED oor. 28.1904.

4 SHEETS-snm 2,

PATENTED AUG. 8, 1905.

- J.`A.- HoRToN. MACHINE PoR Pomme WIRE DRAWING ms.

Arruouron mmv ou'r.zs.1so4.

' 4 sums-snm* a.

llll MMl -rl I l No. 796,725. PATENTBD AUG. s, 1905. Y' J. A. HoRToN. MACHINE PoR PORMING WIRE DRAWING ms.

y APPLIOATIOH FILED 00T. 28, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET i.

UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

JAMES A. HORTON, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO IRO- QUOIS MACHINE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW' YORK.

i No. 796.726.

To (Lil whom.- zt-nay concern.:

Be it known that I, JAMES A. HoRToN. of Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Forming Wire-Drawing Dies, of which th following is a specification.

This invention relates to the formation in a block or body of steel or other suitable metal of a tapering or conical orifice, the smaller end of which constitutes the throat or acting portion of a wire-drawing die. The wire to he drawn or reduced is passed through said orifice` the wire on entering the die being of larger diameter than the orifice and emerging from the die reduced to the exact diameter of'the orifice. The friction of the wire against the wall of the orifice, particularly in drawing iron and steel wire, causes a gradual enlargement of the orifice, so that it is necessary to reform the orifice after the drawing of every coil ot' wire to restore the orifice to the exact diameter desired. This reforming operation has heretofore been performed practically as follows: The orifice of the dieY is first scraped by a reamer to remove grit and dirt. The face of the die is then hammered to condense the metal, and thus contract the orifice at its smaller end, the orifice lbeing thus partly closed and its symmetry destroyed. The orifice is then swaged to give it theexact circular form and diameter required by inserting in it by hand a tapered swaging-tool or driving-punch and applying a hand-operated hammer to said tool until the orifice is sufciently enlarged and properly formed. This operation requires the services of a skilled operator and the expenditure of considerable time, it being necessary to frequently remove the driving-punch and applya standard plug or gage of the exact size that the orifice is to have in order that the workman may ascertain when the orifice has been sufiiciently enlarged, great care being required to avoid an excessive enlargement of the orifice. If the orifice is unduly enlarged, the die has to be rehammered toreduce the size of the orifice and then lthe, swaging operation has to be repeated.

My invention has for-its object to simplify -and reduce the-cost of forming or reforming Specification of Letters Patent. Y Application filed ctoher 28, 1804. Serial No. 230,372.

MACHINE Fon Fonmme wlnE-DR'AwiNG DIES.

Patented Aug'. 8, 1905.

labor-in the operation, my invention conten1- plating the employment of mechanism which is largely automatic in its action as a substitute for skilled handwerk.

To these ends the invention consists in the improvements which I will now proceed to describe and claim.

Of the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 represents a front elevation of a die-swaging machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 represents a section on line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3' represents a View similar to Fig. 2, showing'certain parts in different positions. Fig. 4 represents a section .on line 44 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 represents asection on lineof Fig. 4. Fig. 6 represents a section on line 6 6 of' Fig. 5. Fig. 7 representsa section on line 7 7 of Fig. 3. Fig. 8 represents a side elevation of the machine, parts being positioned as shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 9.represents a section on line 9 9 of Fig. 3. Fig. 10 represents an enlarged Aside elevation of the swaging-tool. Fig. 11

represents a front elevation showing means for rapidly rotating the forming-tool. 1 Fig. 12 represents an end elevation, partly in section, showing the tool-rotating means shown in Fig. 11. Fig. 13 represents a side view of a forming-tool made as a reamer. Fig. 14 represents a section on line 111 14 of Fig. 13. The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all the figures.

1n the drawings and referring for the present to Figs. 1 to 10, inclusive, 12 represents an lanvil or support on which bears the dieblock 13 to be treated. l

14 represents a tapered sWaging-tooLthe acting portion of which is substantially conical, its sides being preferably slightly concaved lengthwise, as shown in Fig. 10. .The

Vconcavity of the sides of the tool results in the formation of an attenuated and very slightly tapered end portion, which I find to be advantageous in the operation of the machine. The die-block 13 is originally provided with a tapering or frusto-conical passage 15, extending through the block, its smaller end 15' constituting the throat or acting portion of the die. One of the said parts, called the die support and swaging-- tool, isgiven a reciprocating movement to intermittently apply the tool to the die and cause the tapered tool to exert a hammering.

or forming action on the wall of the die.- throat, it being obvious that the hammering action caused by the reciprocating movement of one of saidparts relatively to the other will cause the'wall of the thi'oat to conform to the tapered surface of the tool and that the extent to which the tool enters the die-throat will determinethe diameter of the throat.

One of the parts 12 and llnamely, the part which is not reciprocated---is given a progressive movement during the hammering or forming operation to cause a gradual or pro-v gressive action of the tool in hammering or forming the throat and prevent the tool from sticking or binding in the die, the said progressive movement being such as to cause the swaging-tool to enter the die more deeply at each successive blow.

In the embodiment of my invention here shown the swaging-tool is the part which is reciproeated and the die-support 12 is the part which is progressively moved or adjusted to make the action ot' the tool progressive.

16 represents a tool-holder having means, such as a socket 17 and a set-screw 18, for detachably holding the swaging-tool- The said tool-holder is mounted in a reciprocating carrier 19, which is movablein guides 20 2() on the frame ofthe machine and is provided with a cross-head 21, having an opening in which a bearing-block 22, composed, preferably, of'two sections, is adapted to slide. The

,said bearing-block engages a crank or eccentric 23, formed on a shaft 24, which is journaled in bearings in the su pporting-frame and is rotated by power applied to a driving-pulley 26, mounted on said shaft. The rotation of the shaft causes the eccentric 23 to reeiprocatc the tool-carrier 19, the bearing-block 22 sliding in the slot or opening of the crosshead 21 on said carrier.

The die-block 13 may be detachably held upon the anvil or support 12 by any suitable means, such as a resilient arni 27, attached at one end to the support 12 and overhanging the die-blocl'said arm having a convex boss 28, Fig. 9, lformed on its under side, adapted to enter the larger end of the die-passage 15 and to hold the smaller end or throat of said passage in alinement with the center of the swaging-tool 14, the said arm having an orifice 29 adapted to receive the swaging-tool, as shown in Fig. 9. The die-support 12 is provided with a central orifice 30, which rcccives a projecting point of the swaging-tool v when the latter projects below the dief -T he die-support l2 is adapted to have a quick movement toward and from the swagingtool to permit the die to be moved downwardly out of the path of the said tool, as shown in Fig. 2, or upwardly into said path. as shown in Fig. 3. This quick adjustment facilitates the application and removal of the die and is independent of the progressive adjustment of thc die which takes place during the forming or hammering operation. The means for eti'ecting the described quick adjustment ot' the die-siipport comprise a carrier 31, which is movable in fixed guides 32 32 on the frame of the machine and is prevented frcm rotating in said guides by means of a key or feather 33, atiixed to the carrier and moving in a slot or keyway in one ot' the guides Y 34 represents a trundle-roll journaled in ears on the lower end of the carrier 31, and 35 represents a cam ai'iixed to a rock-shaft 36, jonrnaled in bearings on the frame of the machine, the said cam supporting the trundle-roll 34, carrier 31, and die-support 12.

vWhen the cam is in the position shown in Fig. 2, the carrier 31 is depressed, and when the cam is in the position shown in Fig. 3

the said carrier is raised. Suitable means controlled by the operator are employed i'or holding the cam 35 in either of said positions, said means comprising in this instance a treadle, (not shown,) an arm 37, affixed to the rock-shaft 36, and a rod 38, connecting said arm with the treadle.

The means for effecting the above-described progressive adjustment of the die-holder are as follows: 39 represents a shank formed on or aiixed t-o the die-support 12 and extending downwardly therefrom into the carrier 31, the latter being seeketed to receive the said shank. A screw-thread 40 is formed on the shank 39 and with this screw-thread engages a nut 41. The carrier 31 comprises two parts or sections separated by a space `which receives the nut 41., as shown in Figs.

2and 3, said parts or sections being rigidly connected by a U-shaped neck 42. 1t will be seen that the rotation of the nut 41 causes an endwise movement of the shank 39vand an ad justment of the die-support 12 toward or from the swaging-tooi. It will also be seen that by rotating the nut 41 step by step, the

nut being given relatively short movements at each step, the die may be given an extremely tine or mierometrie'progressive moveement or adjustment towardthe swaging-tool.

In the operation ot' the machine a master die, the oritice of which is of the standard size and shape, is applied to the support 12 when the lutter is depressed, and the support and master-die are then raised, as shown in Fig. 3, while the swaging-tool is depressed or in its lowest position until the wall of the orilice of the master-die comes to a bearing or is seated on the tapered portion of the tool, the latter accurately fitting the die-orij ice. This upward movement of the die-sup port is caused partly by the described means for imparting a quick upward movement to the die-holder and partly by the rotation of 4 the nut 41. XVhen the master-die has been thus moved to an adjusted position, a stop member 43, adjustably secured to the nut 11, is adjusted to bear against a fixed stop memher 430, arranged to prevent further rotation of the nut in the direction required lto raise the wer -snpport, provision being thus made for so arresting the upward movement. of a die subsequently applied to the work-support in place oi the master-die as to insure the .same entrance of the swaging-tool into the substituted die as into the master-die. The work-summit is then lowfieu, the master-die is removed, and a die requiring the action of the swaging-tool is applied to the work-support in place of the master-die. The work-support and die are then raised to present the die to the swaging-tool, the. upward movement during the swaging action being caused bythe step-by-step rotation of thenut caused by the operator. This rot-ation continues unt-il the stop member 43 ahuts against the lixed stop member 430, the die then reaching the height required to cause the exact predetermined entrance ofthe swaging-tool into the die, and therefore the formation of a throat of the exact size required. It will be seen, therefore, that the die under treatment is automatically arrested in the exact adjusted position of the master-die.

As here shown, the stop 43 is a handle adjustably secured to the nut 41, and the fixed stop 43o is a part of the frame of the machine. 'l`he handle ahuts against said stop, as indicated hy dotted lines in Fig. T, and tlms limit-s the movement of the nut 41 in the -direction required to raise or move the diesupport 12 toward the swaging-tool. The handle 4? may be adjustahly secured to the nut h v means of a jaw 44C, Fig. 2, secured to the. handle by a screw 45, the said jaw having a projection 46, which engages the under side of an inwardly-projecting lip or flange 4T, formed on the nut. \Vl1en the screw t5 is turned in one direction, it causes the projection 46 to bind on the flange it?, and thus secure the handle t3 to the nut. When the screw is loosened, the handle and jaw may be moved to any desired part of the nut. The handle is provided with a ring 4S, which encirch-s the hub portion of the nut. It will he seen that the adjustahility of the member 43 enables the position of the die at the end of the swaging operation to be varied, so that theprojection of the swaging-tool through the die may be greater or less, according to the size of wire which the die is intended t0 produce..

'lheholder 16 of the swaging-tool is preferahly adapted to rotate in the carrier 19 and is preferably rottted automatically step hy step during the swaging operation to insure accuracy in the formation of the throat and compensate for any slight deviation from an exact circular form in the cross-section of the acting portion of the swaging-tool. 'lo this end the upper end of the tool-holder i6 is provided with a ratchet-wheel 41), Fig. t3,

which isengaged h v a pawl 5U,pivoted toaslide 51, which is movable in a guide formed for its reception in the cross-head 21. The said slide is provided with projections 52 52, located at opposite sides of the bearing-block 22, as shown in Fig. 5. rlhe revolution of the eccentric S23 causes the bearing-block 22 to reciprocate in the cross-head, and thus strike the projections 52 alternately and reciprocate the slide 51 and pawl 5h, thus imparting a step-by-step rotation to the ratchet 49 and tool-holder 16. A stop-pawl 53, Fig. 6, prevents backward rotation of the ratchet and tool-holder.

t will he seen that the operation of the machine is largely automatic, the operator having only to apply' the die to the support 12, raise theA same to the extent provided by the cam 35, and rotate the nut step by step to the predetermined extent determined by the adjustment of the handle. the result being the formation of a throat in the die of the exact predetermined size and o'f perfect shape- The mechanism for reciprocating the swagmg-tool. the mechanism for .progressiveiy movmg or adjusting thc die-support, and the stop members which limit the progressive movement or adjustment of the diesupport collectively constitute means for so changing the relative positions of the tool and die as to percussively apply the swaging-tool to the diethroat'and cause a limited swaging action to the tool on the die, or, in other words, a limited predetermined entrance of the toolfinto the die to give the die-throat an exact prede termined diameter. I believe myself to be the tirst to provide a die-swaging machine having coi'iperative elements or parts constituting'rneans for causing such limited swag'- ing action. l do not, therefore, limit myself to thespecitic devices and details of mechanism employed in this embodiment of my invention to cause the said limited swaging action, as various other devices and mechanical contrivances may be employed for this purpose without departing from the spirit of my invention.

rl`he adjustable stop mem'her 43 and the fixed stop member y.430 cooperate as above set forth in giving the said limited svagingaction an adjustable limit to regulate the diameter of the die-throat; but it is obvious that other means may be used for this purpose.

My invention is not limited to-.a machine in t which the forming-tool isa swaglng-tool. In

Figs. 11 and l2 l have shown the tool-holder 16() provided with a reamer 140 havingr the same form as the s\\'agingtool i4, excepting that its tapered acting' portion is polygonal in cross-section and has a series of (preferably) four faces, which meet to form inclined cutting edges or angles. `\leans are also shown for rapidly rotating the said holder and the forming-tool, the latter forming thedie-orilee, by a cuttlng or reaming action instead ol` a swagtng aellon. 'lhe means here shown for Support, a tapered forming p termining the size o iolder 1GO eompriaeI n pulley nd u belt ll2,ilriven i't lli'l. yaid belt be- D U35. '.lhenhuit Hifi IS O1 may he provided with u driving-pulley Q65. belted to thepnlley 2li, which rotaleey the shaft Qt. The pulley Shaft 164 and detachably connected therewith by a clutch 166, as shown in Fig. 1l. When the pulley N53 is engaged with the shal't, a relatively rapid rotation is imparted to thel tool-holder, and the reamer lli() is caused to form the die-oriiiec, the operation being in a other respects as hereinbel'ore described, a though, if desired, the reciprocating movement of the tool-holder muy be discontinued when a reamcr is employed. 'lhis is not essential, however, as the reamer endwise will have the Same i'ormingeliect that 1t would have if it rotated without reciproeating and will permit the removed metal to fall from the tool, thus greatly reducing the strain on the tool.

Having thus explained the nature oi' my in vention and described a way oll constructing and using the same, although without havingr attempted to set forth all the forms in which it may be embodied or all the modea of its use, I declare that what l claim in- 1. Adic-formingmachinecomprisingallier -tool adapted to enter a die on lQuid support, menne l'or inter mittently applying the tool to ndie, and lucana for making the action of the tool progressive. hine eomprisingadie- 2. A die-forming mac Support, a tapered forming-tool adapted to enter a die on said support, means for intermittently applying the tool to the die, meana for makingr the intermittent action of the tool Progressive, and means for arresting the progressive action to produce a die-oriiice of a predetermined size.

3. Adie-forming machine coniprii-iingadie- Support, a tapered forming-tool adapted to enter a die on said support, means for inter' mittently applying the tool to the die, meats for making the intel-mittentaction of thcmol progressive, and adjustable arresting means for limiting the progressivo action am del the die-orilice.

hine comprising 1:die-

rotating the tool-l 161, afiixed to said holder, n by a pulley 16? on the sha lng guided by idle pulleys 4. Adie-formingmuc Support, a tapered swagingtool adapted w enter a die on said Support., means for cansing a swagingr action of the tool, means for making said action progrenave. and mean. for causing rotative changeset' position of thetool relatively to the die on which it acta,

5. A die-formingmachine comprising adie- Suppc rt, a tapered swaging-tool adapted to enter a die on said support, means for causmg `SWging action of the tool, means for making said action progressive, and means for rotating the tool.

6. Adie-formingmachinecomprisingadie- Support, a tapered swagingtoo adapted w le?, may be loose on the g, enter a die on .aan

Huppert, a tapered i ll reci plocatell ,.dianle an adjusti i said support, means for imging movement to king the enter e die oi parting a reciprocatingawa one ot' sind parts, und means for ma. nwaging action progressive.

7. A die-forming machine comprising adiw Iunppoi'., a tapered nwuging-tool adapted to lrnipporl., inean for imparting n reciprm'uting swaging movement to one ol' :mid parts, meant: l'or making the swnging nrtion progressive, and means for arresting the progressive action.

H. Ailie-l'orlnim;machinecon1pri ing-adie forming-tool adapted to enter u. die on lsaid meut-ing the said tool to canse a forming ac.- (ion` means l'or progressively moving or aaiin'feting the die-support to extend the fori'ning action, und means i'or limiting said progresnivv movement.

.i. Adio-formingmachinecomprisingadie- Huppert, a tapered swinging-tool adapted to einer a die ou said lQupport, automatic means for reciprocating the said tool to cause a swaging mation, means controlled by an operator for progressively moving or adjusting the dieunpport te extend the swaging action, and means for limiting said progressive movement.

l0. A die-forming machine coi'nprising adie 'u tapered reci prot-.ating forming-tool r a die on said support, means lie-support a quick adjustment Huppert, adapted to ente for giving the( to move thi"l d the tool, means micronictric moi-'eme for giving the said support. a nt to extend the forming nation, and means l'or limiting said movement.. ll. A die-forming machine comprisingr a tapered forming-uml adapted to enter a die, means for intermittently applying the tool to the die, a d ie-snpport havinga screw-threaded eliank, an adjusting-nut engaged with said nlmnk, and a support for said shank and nut. 12. A die-forming machine comprising a tapered forming-lool adapted to enter a die, means for iiuerniittcntly applying the tool to the die, a die-Huppert havingascrew-threaded rig-nut engaged with said shank, a support i'or said @henk and nut, and means for limiting the adjusting movement of the nut.

13. A die-for tapered forming-I l means fm intermittently applying the tool t0 the die, a die-support havingascrewthreaded hank, un adjusting-nut engaged with said fihank, a support ior said shank and nut, and

adjustable meal movement of the nut.

14. A die-forming machine comprising a d forming-tool adapted to enter a. die,

tnpere means for intermittently applying the tool to he die, a die-support hat mg aacrewthreaded ming machine comprising a.

support, -nleans` for recipie into and out ot' the path ot" tool adapted to enter a die,-

is for limiting the adjusting nut.

' between the parts of the carrier and engaged swaging-tool holder, a carrier in which said carrier, and means operated by the movements a fixed stop member to cooperate with said arm in limiting the adjusting movement of the 15. A die-,forming machine comprising a tapered forming-tool adapted to enter a die, means for intermittently applying the tool to the die. a carrier movable toward and from said tool. a die-support adjustably connected with the carrier, and means formoving said carrier and die-support in unison toward and from the tool.

16. A die-forming machine comprising a tapered forming-tooi adapted to enter a die, i means for intermittently applying the tool tc the die, a carrier movable toward and from said tool. a die-support adjustably connected with the carrier, a cam supporting said carrier, and means for oscillating said cam to raiseand depress the carrier.

17. A die-forming machine comprising a tapered forming-tool, a die-support carrier composed of two*rigidly-connected part-s or sections, a die-support having a screw-threaded shank movable in said carrier. a nut located with said shank; and means for moving the carrier toward and from the forming-tool.

18. In adle-formmg machine, a ile-support Vor anvil. a tapered die-forming tool adapted to enter a die on said support, means for intermittentl)v applying the tool to the die, and l means for locating the die on the anvil with l the die-orifice in alinement with the tool.

19. lIn adie-forming machine, a tapered dieforming tool, and a die-support or anvil having an overhanging resilient arm provided with aboss to engage and center adie-cavity, and an opening for the reception of the forming-tool.

20. A die-forming machine comprising a holder is rotatively mounted, mechanism including a sliding vblock for reciprocating the of said block for rotating the tool-holder.

21. A die-forming machine comprising a swaging-tool holder, a carrier in which said holder is rotatively mounted. said carrier having a cross-head, a bearing-block slidable in- I said cross-head, a driving-shaft having an eccentric engaged with said block, and a slide movable on said cross-head and having projections in the path of said bearing-block, and a pawl engaging a. ratchet afiixed to the toolholder.

22. A dic-forming machine comprising a f tapered swaging-tool adapted to enter a die, means for supporting adie with its throat in the path of the tool.l means for applying said tool pcrcussively to the die-throat, and means for limiting the entrance of the tooi into said throat.

23. A die-forming machine comprising a tapered swaging-'tool adapted to enter a die, means for supporting a die with its throat in the path of the tool, means for applying said toopercussively to the die-throat, and adjustable means for limiting the entrance of the tool .into said throat.

24. A die-forming machine comprisinga reciprocating forming-tool, a die-support adapted to engage a master-die, means for moving the die-supportlengthwise of the path of the tool to give the master-die an adjusted position with the wall of its orifice seated on the forming portion of the tool. a fixed stop member, and a complemental stop member movable with the die-support and adgiustable relatively to the latter, said adjustable member being adapted to be moved into contact with the fixed member when the master-die is in its adjusted position, to arrest a subsequent movement of the die-support when a die thereon occupies the adjusted position ot' the master-die.

In testimony whereof I have aiiixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES A. HORTON. 

